Under California law, you have a set period of time to file a lawsuit in court and/or file certain claims with government agencies before a lawsuit is filed. This is referred to as the statute of limitations. In civil law, the statute of limitations is intended to ensure that defendants aren’t required to defend against lawsuits after an unreasonable period of time. It would, after all, be unreasonable to require defendants and witnesses to accurately recall the specific details about an incident for perpetuity. To prevent “stale” lawsuits from being brought before the courts, California has prescribed statutes of limitations.
Different types of torts have different statutes of limitations. Although there are some criminal violations that have no statute of limitations, most civil cases have a time limit by which you must file. When it comes to civil law, the statute of limitations tends to be shorter.